Difference between revisions of "System"

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A [[System]] or [[Star System]] is an astrographic term for a [[star]] and its family of [[planet]]s and [[satellite]]s.  
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<translate>
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* Also known as a [[Stellar System]] or a [[World-System]] among other terms.
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<!--T:1-->
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[[File: Imperial-Sunburst-Sun-Scouts-wiki.png|right|125px]]
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A [[System]] is an astrographic term for a [[star]] and its family of secondary stars, [[planet]]s, [[planetoid]]s, [[asteroid]]s, [[moon]]s, and [[artificial satellite]]s. It is also known as a ''Star System'',  ''Stellar System'' or a ''World-System''.
  
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== Description (Specifications) ==
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== Description ([[Specifications]]) == <!--T:2-->
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The term system denotes a [[major world]] and its associated star, plus any other planets, satellites, [[asteroid]]s, and other bodies in a significant gravitational relationship with the source star.
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The term system denotes a [[Main World|major world]] and its associated star, plus any other stars, planets, satellites, [[asteroid]]s, and other bodies in a significant gravitational relationship with the source star. It also includes all bands of system  including the close inner system and the far outer system of Oort clouds and orbiting comets or other astrographic objects.
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* Also includes all bands of system  including the close inner system and the far outer system of Oort clouds and orbiting comets or other astrographic objects.
 
  
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=== Orbital Definitions ===
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=== Stellar system objects === <!--T:3-->
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Each orbit should be understood as a generalized band into which an astronomic object such as a planet, belt, or related object may occupy. There are no set distances for each orbit or band, which are determined by the star or stars centered the system.Orbital bands are typically measured in [[AU]] or [[Astronomical Unit]]s and the distance between bands is variable. 
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A number of different types of objects can be found within a single system.  
  
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'''Orbits:'''
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<!--T:4-->
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* Orbit 0 represent an orbit extremely close to the sun and quite dangerous due to solar flares and the like. Only a [[Twilight Zone World]] could exist in that orbit and even that is not likely to be safe within the time spans of stars. they might be safe for settlement or mining within the time spans of sophonts, although only with very good technology or an [[unconventional life]]form suited to the extreme heat. Possibly under other rare conditions.
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; Primary Star
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* Orbits 1 to 6 represent the inner worlds of a system.
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: The largest (in terms of mass) [[star]] in the system is always designated as the primary.
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* Symbolic orbit 6.5 [[HZ]], the [[Habitable Zone]] is the Goldilocks area where [[conventional life]] has the greatest odds of developing.
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; Secondary Star(s)
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* Orbits 7 to 12 represent the outer worlds of a system.
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: The system may include one or more additional stars in orbit around (or co-orbital with) the primary star. These include stellar objects like [[Brown Dwarf]]s, [[White Dwarf]] stars, [[Neutron Star]]s, and [[Black Hole]]s.
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* Orbits 13 to 144 represent the remote system of [[Kuiper Belt]]s and [[Trans-Neptunian Object]]s.
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; [[Gas Giant]]s
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* Orbits 145 to the edge of an astrographic hex or parsec represent the far system where [[Oort Cloud]]s and the [[Hill Sphere]] is located.
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: These are the largest of the planets, consisting of a hydrogen atmosphere without any surface.  
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; [[Planet]]
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: A planet is a single body with enough gravity to form a sphere. They may or may not have an atmosphere, hydrosphere, or be inhabited.  
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; [[Moon]]
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: A single body orbiting a planet or gas giant. Some moons may be the size of planets, and may be co-orbital with their parent planet.
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; [[Planetoid]]
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: A single small body, too small to have the gravity to form a sphere. In some cases the is a group of Planetoids gathered into a single orbit, which is termed a [[Planetoid Belt]] or [[Asteroid Belt]]
  
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=== Star System Locations ===
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=== Orbits === <!--T:5-->
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Includes the [[mainworld]], [[satellite]]s, and all other [[world]]s within a system. In the case of polystellar systems, it may include all stars and their associated worlds.
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{| class="wikitable" style="float: right;text-align:center"
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! Orbit Number !! Distance (AU) !! Light-distance
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{| class="wikitable sortable"  
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|-
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|+ Star System Locations
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| 0 || 0.2|| 100 light-seconds
 +
|-
 +
| 1 || 0.4|| 200 light-seconds
 +
|-
 +
| 2 || 0.7|| 5.5 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 3 || 1.0 || 8 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 4 || 1.6 || 13 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 5 || 2.8 || 30 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 6 || 5.2 || 43 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 7 || 10 || 83 light-minutes
 +
|-
 +
| 8 || 20 || 3 light-hours
 +
|-
 +
| 9 || 40 || 5 light-hours
 +
|-
 +
| 10 || 77 || 10 light-hours
 +
|-
 +
| 11 || 154 || 21 light-hours
 +
|-
 +
| 12 || 308 || 41 light-hours
 
|-
 
|-
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! Type
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| 13 || 615 || 3 light-days
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! World Band
 
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! Orbit
 
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! Estimated Distance
 
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! Location/s
 
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! Solar Region
 
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! Grav. Relationship
 
−
! Remarks
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Star]]
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| 14 || 1,230 || 7 light-days
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| [[Twilight Zone World|Very Rare]]
 
−
| 0 (zero)
 
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| Center (zero)
 
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| [[Star]]
 
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| [[Star]]
 
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| Source
 
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| Astronomic but not astrographic centerpoint.
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Inner World|Inner System]]
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| 15 || 2,500 || 14 light-days
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| [[Inner World|Inner Zone]]
 
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| 1 to 6
 
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| Up to 42 Light Minutes
 
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| HZ Neg
 
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| [[Heliosphere]]
 
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| Significant gravity
 
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| Warmer Worlds
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Habitable Zone|HZ]]
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| 16 || 4,900 || 4 light-weeks
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| [[Goldilocks Zone]]
 
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| Variable (Orbit 6.5 Symbolically)
 
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| Variable
 
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| HZ
 
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| [[Heliosphere]]
 
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| Significant gravity
 
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| Just right. [[Goldilocks Zone]]. Liquid water.
 
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* Ideal [[environment]] for [[conventional life]].
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Outer World|Outer System]]
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| 17 || 9,800 || 8 light-weeks
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| [[Outer World|Outer Zone]]
 
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| 7 to 12
 
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| Up to 42 Light Hours
 
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| HZ Plus
 
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| [[Heliosphere]]
 
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| Significant gravity
 
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| Colder worlds.
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Remote System]]
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| 18 || 19,500 || 16 light-weeks
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| [[Rogue World]]s
 
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| 13 to 144
 
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| Up to 2 Light Weeks
 
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| Remote System
 
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| [[Heliosphere]] to [[Heliopause]] to [[Interstellar Medium]]
 
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| Insignificant gravity
 
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| [[Kuiper Belt]]. [[Trans-Neptunian Object]]s.
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Far System]]
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| 19 || 39,500 || 32 light-weeks
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| [[Rogue World]]s
 
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| Orbit 145 to (3.27 [[parsec]]s)
 
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| To limits of an area of one [[Parsec]] volumetric  cube
 
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| Far System
 
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| [[Interstellar Medium]]
 
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| Very weak gravity
 
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| [[Oort Cloud]]/s. [[Hill Sphere]].
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| 20 || 78,800 || 1 light-year
 
|}
 
|}
 +
Worlds, and other objects, generally move in a elliptical path around the primary star, in the same direction, and in the same plane (called the ''orbital plane'' or or ''plane of the elliptic''). The direction of the orbital path and plane of the orbits are a consequence of the formation of the system.
 +
 +
<!--T:6-->
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The mapping convention assumes a fixed set of circular orbits common to every system. Orbits are numbered from 0 to 20 with the distances along a geometric progression. The distances are measured from the gravitational center of the primary star. 
 +
 +
<!--T:7-->
 +
In reality orbits are elliptical, rarely fall exactly onto the common set of orbits, and the individual object's orbital plane may not match the other objects in the system. In systems with two or more stars, the center of the system may not be in the primary star at all but at the gravitational center of the system somewhere in space between the multiple stars.
 +
 +
==== Orbital Zones ==== <!--T:8-->
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Every star has a defined set of zones covering one or more orbits.
 +
; Photosphere
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: The surface of the star itself. While most stars are much smaller that even orbit 0, some giant stars cover multiple orbits. The largest stars can extend out to orbit 5.
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; Inner limit
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: The inner limit for planetary formation. Within the inner limit the temperature will vaporize rock preventing the formation of planets. In some cases planets will move into the inner limit orbits but are quickly vaporized.
 +
; Habitable Zone
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: The range where the temperature would allow liquid water to exist on the surface of a world. Not all worlds in the Habitable Zone are habitable, but it is the best place to look.
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; Outer limit
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: The outer limit is the largest orbit where a planet would be created when the system was formed. Beyond the outer limit there are usually only comets and small worlds.
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; Heliopause
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: The boundary at which the radiation from the primary is balanced against the interstellar medium. This is generally defined as the edge of the system, beyond which is interstellar space.
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 +
<!--T:9-->
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The orbits between the Inner Limit and the Habitable Zone is the ''Inner System''. Orbits between the Habitable Zone and the Outer limit are the ''Outer System''. Orbits beyond the outer limit are the ''Remote System''. Orbits beyond the Heliopause are simply noted as ''Beyond'', and objects in the Beyond are not considered part of the system.
  
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== History & Background (Dossier) ==
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==== Orbital positions of interest ==== <!--T:10-->
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The IISS or its counterparts typically only have fairly comprehensive star charts for inner systems (inner zone, HZ and outer zone). Outer systems (remote and far) typically remain very roughly charted or nearly uncharted.
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In addition to the orbital distances based on astronomical observations there are orbital distances defined by technology and sophont use that are of interest.
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; Safe Distance
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: The minimum safe distance to approach the star by standard space craft. The limit is defined by the temperature of the star. Unless the ship is specifically designed to handle the heat and radiation, approaching closer to the star can present significant danger to the craft and occupants.
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; 100D limit
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: The 100 diameter limit for the [[Jump Drive]]. For most main sequence stars, the 100D limit is close to the Habitable zone of the star. For some cool giant stars the habitable zone can be weeks of travel from 100D limit, making trade a challenge.  
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; 1000D Maneuver Drive limit
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: The standard gravity based maneuver drive does not function very well beyond the 1000D limit of any star. For travel to worlds beyond this limit require careful navigation, an alternative drive system, or both.
  
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=== Polystellar Systems ===
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=== Polystellar Systems === <!--T:11-->
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Polystellar star systems with one to six stars can be found within [[Charted Space]]. Polystellar star systems with larger numbers of stars are considerably rarer. Polystellar systems are also known as multi-star systems for binaries and multiple-star systems for trinaries or greater.
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Polystellar star system are system with two or more [[star]]s.  
  
 +
<!--T:12-->
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"  
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"  
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|+ Polystellar Star Systems
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|+ Star Systems
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Type
 
! Type
Line 106: Line 118:
 
| 1
 
| 1
 
| 60
 
| 60
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| Most common star system.
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| Most common star system. Not a polystellar system.
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* Not a polystellar system.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Binary Star System]]
 
| [[Binary Star System]]
Line 133: Line 144:
 
| N<1
 
| N<1
 
| Very rare.
 
| Very rare.
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|-
 
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| Polystellar Star System
 
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| 7+
 
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| N<0.1
 
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| Extremely rare.
 
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|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
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== References & Contributors (Sources) ==
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=== Image Repository === <!--T:13-->
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# An [[IISS]] Scout Manual diagram of planetary orbits within a [[Star System]]. <br> [[File: Orbit-Star-System-Tom-Mouat 20-May-2019a.jpg|800px]]
 +
 
 +
== History & Background ([[Dossier]]) == <!--T:14-->
 +
The [[IISS]] or its counterparts typically only have fairly comprehensive [[star chart]]s for inner systems (Inner zone, HZ and outer zone). Outer systems (remote and far) typically remain very roughly charted or nearly uncharted.
 +
 
 +
=== See also === <!--T:15-->
 +
{{Referral-Tree-Star-system}}
 +
 
 +
<!--T:16-->
 +
[[Fringian Variant System Description]]
 +
 
 +
== References & Contributors ([[Sources]]) == <!--T:17-->
 
{{Advanced}}  
 
{{Advanced}}  
 
{{Sources
 
{{Sources
−
|S1= {{MT}} [[Imperial Encyclopedia]]
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| {{Ludography cite|name=Worlds and Adventures|version=Classic Traveller|page=4-8}}
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|S2= [[Traveller:The New Era (book)|Traveller: The New Era]] Main Rulebook (pg. 192)
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| {{Ludography cite|name=Scouts|version=Classic Traveller|page=21-40}}
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|S3= T5 Core Rules
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| {{Ludography cite|name=Referee's Manual|page=16-29}}
−
|S4= Author & Contributor: Lord (Marquis) and Master of Sophontology [[User:Maksim-Smelchak|Maksim-Smelchak]] of the [[Ministry of Science]]  
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| {{Ludography cite|name= Traveller: The New Era |page= 192}}
 +
| {{Ludography cite|name= First In|page=44-61}}
 +
| {{Ludography cite|name=A Guide to Star Systems|version=Mongoose Traveller|page=4-12}}
 +
| {{Ludography cite|name= Characters and Combat|version=Traveller 5th|page= 31,32}}
 +
| {{Ludography cite|name= Worlds and Adventures|version=Traveller 5th|page=16-36}}
 +
| Contributor: Lord (Marquis) and Master Scout Emeritus [[Adie Alegoric Stewart]] of the [[IISS]]
 +
| Contributor: Lord (Marquis) and Master of Sophontology [[Maksim-Smelchak]] of the [[Ministry of Science]]  
 
}}
 
}}
  
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<!--T:18-->
 +
[[Category: Articles translated into Spanish]]
 
[[Category: Astrography]]
 
[[Category: Astrography]]
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{{LE|General}}
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{{LE|Star}}
 +
</translate>

Revision as of 22:43, 20 September 2020

Imperial-Sunburst-Sun-Scouts-wiki.png

A System is an astrographic term for a star and its family of secondary stars, planets, planetoids, asteroids, moons, and artificial satellites. It is also known as a Star System, Stellar System or a World-System.

Description (Specifications)

The term system denotes a major world and its associated star, plus any other stars, planets, satellites, asteroids, and other bodies in a significant gravitational relationship with the source star. It also includes all bands of system including the close inner system and the far outer system of Oort clouds and orbiting comets or other astrographic objects.

Stellar system objects

A number of different types of objects can be found within a single system.

Primary Star
The largest (in terms of mass) star in the system is always designated as the primary.
Secondary Star(s)
The system may include one or more additional stars in orbit around (or co-orbital with) the primary star. These include stellar objects like Brown Dwarfs, White Dwarf stars, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes.
Gas Giants
These are the largest of the planets, consisting of a hydrogen atmosphere without any surface.
Planet
A planet is a single body with enough gravity to form a sphere. They may or may not have an atmosphere, hydrosphere, or be inhabited.
Moon
A single body orbiting a planet or gas giant. Some moons may be the size of planets, and may be co-orbital with their parent planet.
Planetoid
A single small body, too small to have the gravity to form a sphere. In some cases the is a group of Planetoids gathered into a single orbit, which is termed a Planetoid Belt or Asteroid Belt

Orbits

Orbit Number Distance (AU) Light-distance
0 0.2 100 light-seconds
1 0.4 200 light-seconds
2 0.7 5.5 light-minutes
3 1.0 8 light-minutes
4 1.6 13 light-minutes
5 2.8 30 light-minutes
6 5.2 43 light-minutes
7 10 83 light-minutes
8 20 3 light-hours
9 40 5 light-hours
10 77 10 light-hours
11 154 21 light-hours
12 308 41 light-hours
13 615 3 light-days
14 1,230 7 light-days
15 2,500 14 light-days
16 4,900 4 light-weeks
17 9,800 8 light-weeks
18 19,500 16 light-weeks
19 39,500 32 light-weeks
20 78,800 1 light-year

Worlds, and other objects, generally move in a elliptical path around the primary star, in the same direction, and in the same plane (called the orbital plane or or plane of the elliptic). The direction of the orbital path and plane of the orbits are a consequence of the formation of the system.

The mapping convention assumes a fixed set of circular orbits common to every system. Orbits are numbered from 0 to 20 with the distances along a geometric progression. The distances are measured from the gravitational center of the primary star.

In reality orbits are elliptical, rarely fall exactly onto the common set of orbits, and the individual object's orbital plane may not match the other objects in the system. In systems with two or more stars, the center of the system may not be in the primary star at all but at the gravitational center of the system somewhere in space between the multiple stars.

Orbital Zones

Every star has a defined set of zones covering one or more orbits.

Photosphere
The surface of the star itself. While most stars are much smaller that even orbit 0, some giant stars cover multiple orbits. The largest stars can extend out to orbit 5.
Inner limit
The inner limit for planetary formation. Within the inner limit the temperature will vaporize rock preventing the formation of planets. In some cases planets will move into the inner limit orbits but are quickly vaporized.
Habitable Zone
The range where the temperature would allow liquid water to exist on the surface of a world. Not all worlds in the Habitable Zone are habitable, but it is the best place to look.
Outer limit
The outer limit is the largest orbit where a planet would be created when the system was formed. Beyond the outer limit there are usually only comets and small worlds.
Heliopause
The boundary at which the radiation from the primary is balanced against the interstellar medium. This is generally defined as the edge of the system, beyond which is interstellar space.

The orbits between the Inner Limit and the Habitable Zone is the Inner System. Orbits between the Habitable Zone and the Outer limit are the Outer System. Orbits beyond the outer limit are the Remote System. Orbits beyond the Heliopause are simply noted as Beyond, and objects in the Beyond are not considered part of the system.

Orbital positions of interest

In addition to the orbital distances based on astronomical observations there are orbital distances defined by technology and sophont use that are of interest.

Safe Distance
The minimum safe distance to approach the star by standard space craft. The limit is defined by the temperature of the star. Unless the ship is specifically designed to handle the heat and radiation, approaching closer to the star can present significant danger to the craft and occupants.
100D limit
The 100 diameter limit for the Jump Drive. For most main sequence stars, the 100D limit is close to the Habitable zone of the star. For some cool giant stars the habitable zone can be weeks of travel from 100D limit, making trade a challenge.
1000D Maneuver Drive limit
The standard gravity based maneuver drive does not function very well beyond the 1000D limit of any star. For travel to worlds beyond this limit require careful navigation, an alternative drive system, or both.

Polystellar Systems

Polystellar star system are system with two or more stars.

Star Systems
Type # Stars Rough % Remarks
Monostellar Star System 1 60 Most common star system. Not a polystellar system.
Binary Star System 2 30 Common star system.
Trinary Star System 3 4 to 5 Uncommon star system.
Quaternary Star System 4 2 to 3 Infrequent star system.
Quinary Star System 5 1 to 2 Rare.
Sextenary Star System 6 N<1 Very rare.

Image Repository

  1. An IISS Scout Manual diagram of planetary orbits within a Star System.
    Orbit-Star-System-Tom-Mouat 20-May-2019a.jpg

History & Background (Dossier)

The IISS or its counterparts typically only have fairly comprehensive star charts for inner systems (Inner zone, HZ and outer zone). Outer systems (remote and far) typically remain very roughly charted or nearly uncharted.

See also

Star systems

§ == ( Please refer to the following AAB Library Data for more information: ) == §

Star System

Fringian Variant System Description

References & Contributors (Sources)

This list of sources was used by the Traveller Wiki Editorial Team and individual contributors to compose this article. Copyrighted material is used under license from Far Future Enterprises or by permission of the author. The page history lists all of the contributions.
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