Editing Absolute Magnitude

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'''Magnitude''' is a measure of the brightness of a [[star]], [[planet]], or other object in [[space]]. The scale is logarithmic and the brighter the object the lower the number. 

Magnitude is usually one of two types: 
# ''Apparent Magnitude'' (m) and... 
# ''Absolute Magnitude'' (M). [[Absolute Magnitude]] is the brightness at 10 [[parsec]]s distance.

== Description ([[Specifications]]) ==
Given the absolute magnitude and the distance to a star, the apparent magnitude can be calculated by: <math>m = M + 5((\log_{10}D)-1)</math> where D is the distance in Parsecs (must be adjusted for extra galactic objects). Thus [[Antares (star)|Antares]] at M -5.28 as seen from [[Capital (world)|Capital]] (distance of ~38 parsecs) would be:<br><math>m = -5.28 + 5((\log_{10}38)-1)</math><br><math>m = -5.28 + 5(1.58-1)</math><br><math>m = -5.28 + 5(0.58)</math><br><math>m=-5.28 + 2.9</math><br><math>m=-2.38</math>

=== Absolute/Apparent Magnitude ===
Absolute/Apparent Magnitudes for comparison:
{| class="wikitable sortable" 
|+ Absolute/Apparent Magnitude
|-
! Object
! Absolute Magnitude
! Apparent Magnitude (Terra)
! Apparent Magnitude (Capital)
|-
| [[Sun]]
| 4.83
| −26.73
| 10.38
|- 
| [[Moon|Moon (full)]]
| n/a
| −12.6
| n/a
|-
| Visible during Daylight
| n/a
| −3.9
| -3.9
|-
| Moon (new)
| n/a
| –2.5
| n/a
|-
| [[Sirius (star)|Sirius]] Brightest Star 
| 1.42
| −1.47
| 6.97
|-
| [[Canopus (star)|Canopus]] 2<sup>nd</sup> Brightest star
| −5.53
| -0.7 (-2.04)
| (0.73)
|-
| [[Vega (star)|Vega]] 5<sup>th</sup> Brightest star
| 0.58
| 0.03
| 5.96
|-
| [[Antares (star)|Antares]] 16<sup>th</sup> Brightest star
| −5.28
| 1.09 (0.83)
| -1.35 (-2.38)
|-
| [[Deneb (star)|Deneb]] 19<sup>th</sup> Brightest star
| −8.73
| 1.25 (-2.2)
| 0.96 (-3.09)
|-
| [[LBV 1806-20]]
| −14.2
| 8.4
| 8.4
|-
| [[Quasar]] 3C 273
| −26.7
| 12.8
| 12.8
|}
* Note the numbers in () above are for adjusted locations of [[star]]s on the maps.

== History & Background ([[Dossier]]) ==
On ancient [[Terra]] the stars of the sky were divided into 6 magnitudes, with 1 being the brightest and 6 the faintest with each division being approximately 2 times difference, this was later revised so that a 1<sup>st</sup> magnitude star was 100 times brighter than a 6<sup>th</sup> magnitude star. First [[Polaris (star)|Polaris]] then [[Vega (star)|Vega]] were taken to be the 0 point on the scale. So each step is the fifth root of 100 different (2.512).

Magnitude is not limited to the 0-6 scale, most primary stars will be highly negative (Sol from Terra is −26.73). The faintest magnitude visible with a [[Humaniti]] eye is 6.5. Binoculars give 9.5, and an 8m ground telescope can resolve to 27.
 
* '''Apparent Magnitude:''' A measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on the ground, normalized to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere
* '''Absolute Magnitude:''' The apparent magnitude, an object would have if it were at a standard luminosity distance away from us, in the absence of interstellar extinction

== References & Contributors ([[Sources]]) ==
{{Advanced}}
{{Sources
|S1= Wikipedia (various)
|S2= [[Traveller Wiki Editorial Team]]
|S3= Author & Contributor: Lord (Marquis) and Master of Sophontology [[User:Maksim-Smelchak|Maksim-Smelchak]] of the [[Ministry of Science]] 
}}


{{MET|Metric|Science|}}