Liner

Line Combatants (Primary - Capital)				Escort Combatants (Secondary - Subcapital)				Military Auxiliary (Tertiary)
B- Battleship	C- Cruiser	O- Ortillery	V- Carrier	D- Destroyer	E- Escort	F- Fighter	H- Defense/Security	I- Combat Transport	Q- Combat Support	S- Scout	U- Utility	X- Commo	Z- Special

Mercantile Commercial Ships (Trade & Profit)				Non-Mercantile Commercial Ships (Industry & Profit)					Non-Commercial Ships (Nonprofit)			System Craft (Intrastellar)
A- Tramp	M- Freighter	R- Liner	T- Transport	G- Industrial	J- Prospector	K- Expedition	P- Corsair	U- Utility	L- Science	N- Medical	Y- Private	WB- Barge	WA- Satellite	WO- Space Station

R-class Liners are a commercial or mercantile spacecraft and starcraft. Some shipping companies refer to themselves as "lines" and their ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as "liners".

• They are not intended for military use and have little recourse other than to flee for their lives if confronted by corsairs, raiders, or other hostile vessels. They are typically unarmed.
• Most, but not all, liners run to a schedule with set destinations. Tramp liners are one of the few exceptions to set schedules and destinations. R-class Liners typically focus on subsector business trade and ferry passengers about the control zones of just one Imperial Noble or a handful of sub-polities.
• The typical Subsidized Merchant, nicknamed a Fat Trader, is a trading vessel using a 400-ton hull intended to meet the commercial needs of clusters of worlds.
• Cargo Liners transport cargo, general freight, raw materials, resources, manufactured goods, merchandise, and more. Many have cargo holds adapted to particular services, with refrigerator space for frozen foodstuffs, tanks for liquid cargos such as petrols or ship fuel, secure lockers for valuables, and even mail vaults for interstellar mail.
• Passenger Liners typically carry passengers as well, often in multiple travel classes.

Library Data Referral Tree

Please refer to the following AAB Library Data for more information:
Starship:

• Starship User Types
  • Civilian Ship
  • Military Ship
  • Non-Commercial Vessel
  • Paramilitary Ship

• Advanced Ship Classifications
  • Ship Mission Code / Supraclass
  • Ship Type Code / Superclass
  • Ship Class Code / Class
  • Model (TL)
  • Bloc (Lot)

• Basic Ship Classifications
  • Adventure Class Ship
  • Battle Class Ship
  • Capital Ship
  • Fleet Class Ship
  • Size-Role Classification
  • Subcapital Ship
  • QSP
  • USP
  • World Class Ship

• Ships by Function
  • Bigcraft
  • Boat
  • Capital Ship
  • Largecraft
  • Non-starship
  • Smallcraft
  • Spaceplane
  • Spaceship
  • Starship
  • Subcapital Ship
  • Subcraft
  • System Craft
  • Warship

Speed of Travel

• Astronomical Unit (AU)
• FTL
• Light Speed (c)
• Light-week (lw)
• Light-year (ly)
• NAFAL (STL)
• Parsec (pc)

Description (Specifications)

A Liner is a civilian commercial ship designed for cargo or passenger transport. Liners are usually assigned a Hull Classification of "R." They fill the smallest possible economic niche where regular scheduled freight can regularly be found profitable. Nevertheless, many world-states find it worthwhile to subsidize such trade to ensure its reliability and avoid the vagaries of the interstellar economy. Significantly, most regularly scheduled passenger trade tends to be on smaller vessels.

Image Repository

1. One of the most common subsidized liner types.
   
2. A side view of a Mora class Freighter or RM-class Subsidized Liner, also known as a Type MK class Transport.
   
3. A side view of a Codori Prime class Luxury Liner.
   
4. A side view of a Palatine class Merchant Trader.
   
5. A side view of a sleek Virtue class Light Freighter.
   
6. A conversion of a late model Type-R, a Gyro Cadis class Subsidized Merchant, into a Q-Ship.
   
7. A Type R in deep spaceflight, far from a mainworld, probably coming into a wilderness refueling.
   
8. An image of a Lord Somerset class Subsidized Liner.
   

Spectrum of Civil Shipping in Charted Space

Spectrum of Civil Shipping in Charted Space: 1105
Cateogries	A-class	R-class	M-class	T-class
Synopsis	Tramp	Liner	Freighter	Transport & Tanker
Hull Tonnage	100 to 2,499 dTons	100 to 2,499 dTons	2,500 to 999,999 dTons	2,500 to 999,999 dTons or more... (...rarely more than 1,000,000) dTons
Size-Cat	ACS	ACS	BCS & FCS	BCS & FCS (rarely WCS)
Ideal Freight Volume	Zero to Low (Hundreds of tons)	Medium (Hundreds to Thousands of tons)	High (Thousands to Tens of Thousands of tons)	Very High (Tens to Hundreds of Thousands of tons)
Market	Unscheduled low volume, high speculation trade routes	Mostly scheduled, medium speculation, subsidized trade routes	Scheduled medium and high-volume, low speculation trade routes	Scheduled high volume trade routes with massive economies of scale, or massive (...usually government) projects
Rough Market Share	10%	25%	45%	20%
Area of Influence	Cluster or Trace+	Subsector+	Sector	Multi-Sector
Business	Fledgling Line	Subsector-wide Line & Interface Line	Sector-wide Line	Multi-sector Line
Remarks	Merchant Princes & Adventurers	Scheduled & Subsidized Trade	Backbone of Merchant Trade	Corporate Bulk Trade
NOTES: While standards exist, ship naming standards evolve with time and over tech epochs. Class naming comments are only generalizations and many exceptions exist. Trade is heavily affected by local regulations, the rule of law, and local security conditions. WCS-class vessels are not ordinarily used for merchant missions as they are too large and expensive.

Strategy & Tactics (Doctrine)

Subsidized Liners are commercial or mercantile starcraft. They typically cover low to medium volume trade routes with medium risk speculation. Such routes are key to pocket empires as needed services so they are often subsidized to encourage market growth. They are not intended for military use and have little recourse other than to flee for their lives if confronted by corsair vessels or other hostiles.

Supraclass Roles

Liners typically serve the following roles:
Largecraft & Bigcraft:

A-class Tramp Supraclass Archetypes
Archetype	Type Code
Armed Liner	(R3)
Cargo Hauler	(RC)
Cargo Liner	(RC)
Clipper	(RI)
Container Ship	(RC)
Cruise Ship	(RPL)
Fast Subsidized Merchant	(R3)
Fat Liner	(R)
Freight Carrier	(RC)
Freight Liner	(RC)
Frontier Liner	(R3)
Heavy Liner	(RH)
Impromptu Troop Transport	(RPG)
Interstellar Cruise Liner	(RP)
Interstellar Cruise Ship	(RP)
Interstellar Liner	(RP)
Jumpliner	(R)
Light Liner	(RL)
Liner	(R) (Namesake)
Longliner	(R)
Low Transport Liner	(RP)
Luxury Liner	(RPL)
Luxury Star Liner	(RPL)
Medium Liner	(RM)
Merchant Liner	(R)
Modular Subsidized Merchant	(R)
Modular Trader	(R)
Nonstandard Trade Liner	(RTN)
Passenger Liner	(RP)
Passenger Transport	(RP) Colonist (KC) Tourist (RP) VIP (RPL)
Provincial Transport	(R)
Space Liners	(R)
Starliner	(R)
Starmerc Armed Liner	(R3)
Subsidized Liner	(R)
Subsidized Merchant	(R)

Size-Class Roles for Liner Vessels

1. Utility Craft (U) (1 to 99 tons)
2. Light Liner (RL) (100 to 999 tons)
3. Medium Liner (RM) (1,000 to 1,499 tons)
4. Heavy Liner (RH) (1,500 to 2,499 tons)
5. Freighter or Transport (M or T) (2,500 or larger tons)

Civilian Subcraft

Civilian subcraft (...both smallcraft and bigcraft) are carried by some of these vessels:

1. Barge (WB)
2. Utility Craft (U)

Supraclass Archetypal Roles

These vessels typically serve the following archetypal roles:

R-class Liner Supraclass Archetypes
Archetype	Type Code/s	Exemplar	Remarks
Subsidized Merchant	R (Namesake)	Type R class Subsidized Merchant	Backbone liners build to capitalize upon larger volume market than tramps. R = Regular, Subsidized, Liner, etc.
Fat Trader	R1	March class Subsidized Merchant	Backbone liners build to capitalize upon larger volume market than tramps. R1 = Regular at J-1
Far Liner	R2	Petty class Subsidized Merchant	Built to range longer endurance, farther routes. R2 = Regular at J-2
Fast Liner	R3	Kolomyia class Fast Liner	None R3 = Regular at J-3 or higher
Cargo Liner / Cargo Cruiser	RC	Jose Cadiz Royal Galleon class Cargo Carrier	A starship primarily for transporting cargo freight subsidized by local government, often connecting developing or newly discovered areas. C = Cargo
Heavy Liner	RH	Vespir class Heavy Liner	None H = Heavy
Clipper	RI	Aurora class Clipper	A starship meant for speedy transport of passengers and high value goods. I - clIpper
Light Liner	RL	Lightning class Frontier Merchant	None L = Light
Medium Liner	RM	Mora class Freighter	None M = Medium
Passenger Liner	RP	Bastien class Subsidized Liner	A starship liner equipped for transporting passengers. P = Passenger
Luxury Liner / Cruise Liner	RPL	King Richard class Interstellar Liner	A starship liner equipped for sumptuous luxury living, primarily for transporting passengers P = Passenger L = Luxury
Merchant Liner / Trade Liner	RT	Lord Somerset class Subsidized Liner	Merchant Liners are general-purpose design starships, intended to carry both passengers and freight. They are larger than the Far Traders intended for cargoes over 200 tons and over a dozen passengers T = Trade
Nonstandard Trade Liner	RTN	Maorin Junker class Merchant	None N = Nonstandard
NOTES: There is semantic overlap between many of the classes and codes. Some codes organize by mission or capability, others by size and tonnage, and yet others by other characteristics.

History & Background (Dossier)

The government may subsidize larger commercial vessels (built on type 600 hulls or larger), primarily to assure consistent service to specific worlds. These subsidized merchants are generally assigned a specific route connecting from 2 to 12 worlds of varying characteristics. The route will generally be determined before a subsidized merchant is purchased, to allow tailored design features as may be necessary. When a subsidized merchant is ordered, the ship captain must make the 20% down payment, with the government assuming responsibility for the payments upon delivery, and taking 50% of the gross receipts of the ship while in service. The ship captain is responsible for all expenses and costs of operation.

Subsidized merchants are also subject to mobilization (...and use as auxiliaries) in the event of emergency or hostilities. At the end of 40 years, the vessel is completely paid off, and full title passes to the ship captain, but the vessel remains subject to mobilization in case of government need.

Selected Variant Types & Classes

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant: Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Fat Trader:

1. Type R1 class Subsidized Merchant AKA Fat Trader
   1. Ghent class Subsidized Merchant
   2. Gyro Cadis class Subsidized Merchant
   3. March class Subsidized Merchant
   4. Type R class Subsidized Merchant
   5. Type RL class Subsidized Merchant
   6. Type RQ class Subsidized Merchant

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Far Liner:

1. Type R2 class Subsidized Merchant AKA Far Liner
   1. Akkigish class Subsidized Merchant
   2. Cihzicih class Transport
   3. Nye class Caravel
   4. Palatine class Merchant Trader
   5. Revolver class Modular Liner
   6. Type RL2 class Subsidized Merchant
   7. Type RX class Merchant Trader

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Fast Liner:

1. Type R3 class Fast Liner AKA Fast Liner
   1. Condor class Subsidized Liner
   2. Kolomyia class Fast Liner

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Cargo Liner:

1. Type RC class Cargo Liner AKA Cargo Liner
   1. Borazio class Heavy Freighter
   2. Coyotl class Bulk Hauler
   3. Deneb class Modular Starship
   4. Dlaftpar class Cargo Liner
   5. Jose Cadiz Royal Galleon class Cargo Carrier
   6. Kyan Maru class Freighter
   7. Magnadon class Provincial Merchant
   8. Oukhaha class Bulk Hauler
   9. Trader class Provincial Transport
   10. Triad class Merchant
2. Type RH class Heavy Merchant AKA Heavy Liner
   1. Vespir class Heavy Liner

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Clipper:

1. Type RI class Clipper AKA Clipper
   1. Aurora class Multimission Clipper
   2. Maggart class Clipper
   3. Spartan class Modular Merchant

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Light Liner:

1. Type RL class Light Liner AKA Light Liner
   1. Athelstan class Merchant
   2. Lightning class Frontier Merchant
   3. Prosperity class Freighter
   4. Zoe Barrett class Trader

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Medium Liner:

1. Type RM class Medium Liner AKA Medium Liner
   1. Gamma Haden class Liner
   2. Mora class Freighter
   3. Seeker class Armored Merchant
   4. Star Merchant class Liner
   5. Type MK class Transport

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Passenger Liner:

1. Type RP class Passenger Liner AKA Passenger Liner
   1. Ad Astra class Subsidized Liner
   2. Bastien class Subsidized Liner
   3. Brilliance class Long Liner
   4. Comet Coffin class Low Transport
   5. Giiphicih class Liner
   6. Horizon class Passenger Liner
   7. Stellar class Liner
   8. Type HP class Passenger Liner
   9. Type M class Subsidized Liner

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Luxury Liner:

1. Type RPL class Luxury Liner AKA Luxury Liner
   1. Astral Splendour class Luxury Liner
   2. Celestial Star class Liner
   3. Codori Prime class Luxury Liner

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Merchant Liner:

1. Type RT class Trade Liner AKA Trade Liner
   1. Eakhau class Merchant
   2. Gold of Zurrian class Long Liner
   3. Margaret class Longliner
   4. Petty class Subsidized Merchant
   5. Pride of Vland class Long Liner
   6. Queen class Modular Subsidized Merchant
   7. Shianjo class Liner
   8. Stubbie class Subsidized Merchant
   9. Tukera class Longliner
   10. Type RT class Longliner
   11. Virtue class Light Freighter

Civilian Ship - Merchant Vessel - Subsidized Merchant - Non-standard Merchant Vessel:

1. Type RTN class Nonstandard Merchant Liner
   1. Arachnid class Non-standard Merchant Vessel
   2. Maorin Junker class Merchant
   3. Type MN class Non-standard Merchant Vessel

Ship Summary List

These are among the most common liners found around Charted Space:

127 Representative Liner AKA Subsidized Merchant (R) Classes

Class Mission Code TL Tons Jump G Origin Canon Quick ship profile Class Mission Code TL Tons Jump G Origin Canon Quick ship profile Aspirant class Provincial Carrier R 9 9,000 1 2 Distant Fringe Atlas class Starport Heavy Lift Tug RB 15 100,000 0 3 Third Imperium Aurora class Multimission Clipper RV 12 2,080 5 2 Reformation Coalition Yes Average Cargo Ship class Cargo Ship R 12 69,900 1 2 Third Imperium R-0FS12 Baleen class Heavy Tanker RG 11 35,000 2 2 Distant Fringe Brown class Jump Ship RV 15 5,000 6 1 Third Imperium Yes R-05P16 Bubble class Fuel Cutter RG 14 60 0 2 Third Imperium RG-6U20 Carrack class Tramp Liner R 10 800 1 1 Caliphate of Estalia R-HS11 Carrus class Shuttle R 7 90 0 2 Distant Fringe R-9A20 Chtierabl class Transport RN 13 10,000 3 3 Zhodani Consulate No Clii Argu class Common Transport RV 15 20,000 6 1 Third Imperium Yes RV-0BU13 Comet Coffin class Low Transport RP 14 100 3 2 Third Imperium RP-AS23 Compassionate class Tanker RG 12 300,000 3 3 Old Worlds Conrad class Towing Vessel RV 13 200 2 2 Third Imperium Conveyor class Heavy Freighter R 11 35,000 2 1 Distant Fringe Corporate class Range Carrier RV 11 75,000 2 1 Distant Fringe Crawm class Shuttle R 12 40 0 2 Third Imperium Yes R-4S20 Culgoa class Supply Ship RN 13 3,400 4 4 Third Imperium Dakaar class Freighter R 12 1,800 2 2 Principality of Caledon No R-TS22 Dal Hallen class Light Transport RN 10 600 1 1 Distant Fringe Deneb class Modular Starship RV 12 300 2 2 Third Imperium No RV-CS22 Distribution class Commercial Carrier RV 11 30,000 2 1 Third Imperium Dromedary class Tanker/Replenishment Ship RG 15 300,000 4 4 Third Imperium QF-0MU44 Duke class Jump Tanker RG 12 75,000 3 3 Principality of Caledon Dwarf class Starport Lift Tug RV 15 10,000 0 3 Third Imperium Empress class Bulk Carrier R 11 75,000 1 1 Distant Fringe Endeavor class Ship Transporter RV 11 30,000 2 1 Distant Fringe Exad class Fleet Replenishment Ship RN 11 2,000 2 2 Distant Fringe Express Rock class Mail Drone RK 11 100 2 0 Third Imperium XC-B1820P Florence class Tanker RG 12 5,000 3 1 Third Imperium Fornorb class Heavy Merchant R 14 100,000 1 1 Third Imperium Fournir class Fleet Replenishment Ship RN 14 10,000 3 3 Strend Cluster Freshwater class Tanker RG 12 5,000 3 2 Third Imperium Fuelbag class Fuel Depot Drone RG 12 10 0 1 Third Imperium RG-1P10 Furnish class Tanker RG 11 3,000 2 2 Third Imperium Garrett Durant class Cargo Hauler R 12 3,000 1 1 Distant Fringe MC-03U11 Ghost Galleon class Carrier Liner RV 11 600 2 3 Terran Confederation RV-FS32 Giant class Tanker RG 15 600,000 4 6 Third Imperium Glacier class Store Ship RN 13 8,300 4 4 Third Imperium Globus class Fleet Replenishment Vessel RN 15 30,000 4 2 White Fleet Haddox class Merchant Cruiser R 9 1,200 1 1 Haddox Association Hercules class Cargo Transport R 11 5,000 1 1 Third Imperium Yes R-05S11 Heyan Rose class Freight Tractor RV 14 300 3 1 Third Imperium No RV-FU23 High Liner class Bulk Freighter RV 12 5,000 2 1 Bright Conclave Hong Cha class Tanker RG 10 10,000 1 3 Celestial League Hummingbird class Courier R 15 400 3 6 Third Imperium R-DL63 Hummock class Replenishment Ship R 12 5,000 2 1 Principality of Caledon Hydrogen class Fleet Fuel Tanker RG 9 4,000 1 1 Distant Fringe Iadiadlsiz class Fleet Tanker RG 14 480,000 3 3 Zhodani Consulate No Iguna class Trader RN 11 300 2 2 Distant Fringe RN-CS22 Integrity class Tanker RG 12 89,000 3 1 Khuur League Inthe class Modular Cutter RV 9 50 0 2 Third Imperium RV-5S60 Ish'ka class Tanker RG 11 6,000 2 3 Distant Fringe Jack Driscoll class Bulk Freighter R 11 5,000 2 2 Distant Fringe R-O5U22 Jade Serpent class Fleet Support Vessel R 12 2,600 1 1 Federation of Alsas Jembyra class Recovery Boat R 12 20 0 3 Jelmiri Marches R-1A20 Jolly Green Giant class Tanker RG 15 400,000 4 3 Third Imperium K'Slice class Attacker Tender RV 8 68 0 1 Akras KA15c Glutton class Transport RN 12 1,500 3 2 Korsumug Empire RN-QS23 KA25c Growler class Tanker RG 12 2,500 3 2 Korsumug Empire Kalaron class Assault Scout RV 11 100 2 2 Union of Garth Kandor class Tanker RG 12 7,000 2 3 Distant Fringe Kandor class Tanker RG 12 7,000 2 3 Distant Fringe Kleinnächster class Medium Tanker RG 11 8,000 2 2 Distant Fringe KU1a Fetch class Launch R 9 10 0 2 Korsumug Empire R-1A20 Kyan Maru class Freighter R 9 100 1 1 Third Imperium Last Armada class Frontier Tanker RG 11 99,000 2 3 Terran Confederation Last Armada class Fuel Shuttle RG 11 60 0 3 Terran Confederation Last Armada class Heavy Transport R 11 50,000 2 1 Terran Confederation Leander class Space Tug RV 15 600 6 6 Third Imperium No Leo class Ship's Boat R 9 30 0 6 Third Imperium UMB-3U60 Leviathan class Merchant Cruiser R 13 1,800 3 4 Third Imperium Yes Library class Archive Ship RY 15 100 3 6 Third Imperium GC-AL63 Liz Zhorka class Light Trader R 9 100 1 2 Distant Fringe R-AA21 Locker class Fleet Replenishment Ship RN 11 800 2 2 Distant Fringe Logos Minos class Fleet Scout R 9 100 1 1 Jurisdiction of Nadon R-AS11 Louis & Clark class Fuel Pinnace RG 13 40 0 2 Third Imperium Maggart class Clipper RV 12 2,750 5 2 Reformation Coalition Yes Magnadon class Provincial Merchant R 15 1,000 1 1 Third Imperium No Mammoth class Combat Transport RN 10 18,051 1 1 The Biumvirate Mariner class Frame Carrier R 11 90,000 2 1 Distant Fringe Marius class Ship Transporter RV 11 30,000 2 1 Distant Fringe Modular Cutter RV 50 0 4 Third Imperium Yes UMC-5S40 Monstrosity class Fleet Tanker RG 15 1,000,000 6 4 Third Imperium Mountain class Replenishment Ship R 12 90,000 3 3 Principality of Caledon Nimrod class Fuel Lighter RG 10 15,000 0 2 Distant Fringe Nirvana class Modular Dropship RV 14 40 0 4 Third Imperium RV-4S40 Omicron class Heavy Lander RK 9 400 0 2 Distant Fringe RK-4S20 Orowani Deep Space class Commercial Tender R 11 3,500 2 2 Distant Fringe R-03P22 Orowani Deep Space class Heavy Tanker RG 11 40,000 2 3 Distant Fringe Oukhaha class Bulk Hauler RV 12 1,600 2 1 Aslan Hierate Yes Owatarl class Tender RV 12 600 2 1 Aslan Hireate Yes RV-FP12 Panam Ajax class Logistics Transport R 15 6,000 4 2 Third Imperium Panther class Repair Vessel R 13 4,400 4 4 Third Imperium Parthenopinnace Fuel Shuttle RG 13 40 0 5 Solomani Confederation UF-4A50 Pegasus class Bulk Cargo Carrier R 9 3,000 1 2 Distant Fringe Generic Pinnace R 9 40 0 5 Third Imperium Yes R-4A05 Planetoid Hauler class Cargo Ship RV 9 990 0 1 Terran Confederation R-AP10 Prosperity class Freighter R 14 3,000 4 1 Third Imperium No Provision class Medium Tanker RG 11 8,000 2 2 Distant Fringe More...

0 Representative Fat Liner (R1) Classes
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0 Representative Clipper (RI) Classes
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1 Representative Passenger Liner / Longliner (RP) Classes
Class Mission Code TL Tons Jump G Origin Canon Quick ship profile Class Mission Code TL Tons Jump G Origin Canon Quick ship profile Comet Coffin class Low Transport RP 14 100 3 2 Third Imperium RP-AS23

0 Representative Luxury Liner (RPL) Classes
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0 Representative Merchant Liner / Trade Liner (RT) Classes
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0 Representative Nonstandard Trade Liner (RTN) Classes
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References & Contributors (Sources)

This article is missing content for one or more detailed sections. Additional details are required to complete the article. You can help the Traveller Wiki by expanding it.

This list of sources was used by the Traveller Wiki Editorial Team and individual contributors to compose this article. Copyrighted material is used under license from Far Future Enterprises or by permission of the author. The page history lists all of the contributions.

• This article is an amalgamation of many different materials published since 1977.
• Marc Miller. Starships (Game Designers Workshop, 1977), 19.
• Dave Sering. Starships and Spacecraft (Judges Guild, 1979), TBD.
• Ray Harms, Dan Hauffe, Michael Reagan. Darthanon Queen (Judges Guild, 1980), 20-26.
• Marc Miller. Starter Traveller (Game Designers Workshop, 1983), 11.
• Marc Miller. Imperial Encyclopedia (Game Designers Workshop, 1987), 82.
• Loren Wiseman. Challenge 75 (Game Designers Workshop, 1994), TBD.
• Loren Wiseman. 600-ton Subsidized Liner Deckplans (Loren Wiseman, 2006), 1-44.
• Frank Chadwick, Dave Nilsen. Traveller: The New Era (Game Designers Workshop, 1993), 374-376.
• Frank Chadwick, Dave Nilsen. Brilliant Lances (Game Designers Workshop, 1994), 27.
• Don Perrin. Starships (Imperium Games, 1996), 34-35.
• Marc Miller. T5 Core Rules (Far Future Enterprises, 2013), TBD.
• Traveller Wiki Editorial Team
• Author & Contributor: Lord (Marquis) and Master of Sophontology Maksim-Smelchak of the Ministry of Science